MUMBAI: The much-debated move by the Narendra Modi government, demonetisation, has changed the way people transact, according to a new study by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
The study has found that note-ban has resulted in a fundamental shift in the payment habits in the economy -- a move away from cash payments to and a wider adoption of retail electronic payments, card usage at merchant terminals and cheques.
“The demonetisation has impacted the inter-bank payments and settlement system significantly in moving cash transactions to non-cash modes of payments in three segments- retail electronic payments, card usage at PoS terminals and cheques,” the Reserve Bank has said in its weekly supplement, Mint Street Memos.
It added that the increased usage of these instruments during the note-ban period has been sustained in the post-ban period as well, “suggestive of a fundamental shift being underway in the payment habits”. The study was conducted under the guidance of Sasanka Sekhar Maiti of RBI’s Department of Statistics and Information Management.
The government had on November 8 last year surprisingly cancelled all the banknotes in the Rs 1,000 and Rs 500 denominations, which was around 86 per cent of the money in circulation, with multiple objectives.
According to the study, cheque volumes and values contracted during the pre-demonetisation period but recorded positive growth during demonetisation as well as post-note-ban months.
“The increase in usage of cheques could be an effect of demonetisation as cash availability was restricted and cheque became a convenient instrument to transfer funds, which takes one or two days given the substantial reduction in settlement cycle on account of implementation of cheque truncation system,” it explained.
It added that there was a sharp growth in card transactions at points of sale terminals for both demonetisation and post-demonetisation periods.
The study also said that thanks to RBI’s mandates since 2008 on usage of electronic modes for high value payments in the inter-bank market, there had been a reduction in the usage of cheques prior to the note-ban.