Colleges
For this purpose the educational and training institutions should be divided into two categories. The first category consists of institutions which only exist in the residuary State, e.g., the Veterinary College in Madras City and the King Institute at Guindy and others of this kind. In the case of these institutions 36 per cent of the seats should be reserved for students from the new state.
For this purpose students from the new state would be those who are residents of the area comprising the new State, whatever may be the language that they speak. If any seat so reserved is not filled in any year, it may be filled by admitting students from the residuary State: but the right to the seat should only lapse if for five consecutive years the new State fails to fill up the seat, as provided in Clause 4 of the paragraph from the Partition Committee’s Report quoted above.
It may be added that if there are institutions in the new State for which there are no counterparts in the residuary State, the same principle would apply and students from the residuary State to the extent of 64 pc should be admitted to those institutions.
The expenses should be shared as provided in Clause 3 of the paragraph quoted above.
The second category is of institutions in the residuary State which have their counterparts in Andhra Desa also, e.g., engineering, law, medical and agricultural colleges, etc. In such cases the new State should use the entire seats available for its own students and if there is any deficiency compared to the total number of seats available to Andhra students on the date of separation, that deficiency should be made up by reserving statutorily seats in institutions in Madras City to the extent required.
Complete figures are not available to me on account of the shortness of time; but I understand there will be deficiencies in professional colleges of this kind and to that extent facilities will have to be provided for Andhra student (i.e.,students resident in the areas of the new State whatever their language) for some years.
Affiliation
At present, colleges in the five Rayalaseema districts are affiliated to Madras University. It may be that with the creation of the new State the affiliation of these colleges may be changed and they may be affiliated to Andhra University. If that happens, provisions should be made for at least one year, and , if necessary, three years, that boys reading in the institutions in Rayalaseem should continue to appear at the examinations of Madras University. Such provision is common whenever a change of this kind takes place and there should be no difficulty about providing for it.
Another question raised is about the selection of students for the seats reserved for Andhras in institutions in the residuary State. It seems to me that the correct thing is that the selection should be made by the new State and the names of students supplied to the institutions concerned for admission. I should like to make it clear that for purposes of admissions to Government educational institutions and hospitals a) Andhra should be one who is resident in the area under the new State whatever the language he speaks and a non-Andhra is one who is resident in the residuary State whether he speaks Tamil, Telugu, Kanarese, Malayalam or any other language.
Lastly, some provision would also have to be made for students of Rayalaseema who appear within the period of adjustment allowed in the examinations of Madras University and fail. Such students should be allowed to appear at the examinations of Madras University.
Hospitals
Another point which may be made clear is about government hospitals. The paragraph quoted above reserves a number of places for the Andhra Province in Government hospitals in Madras City. So far as these places are required for training of students, there is no objection to reservation on the principles which I have already set out: but if the intention was that beds for patients should also be reserved in a certain proportion, I must say that is not right. So far as patients are concerned, the principle must be first come first served. No non-Andhra should be refused admission to a government hospital on the ground that the bed available is earmarked for an Andhra. Similarly, no Andhra should be refused admission on the ground that the bed is earmarked for a non-Andhra. Admission of patients should be left to the discretion of the doctors entirely.
Those government servants who are in temporary service (whatever may be the period for which they may have served) will not be considered for division. If such temporary staff become surplus, their services will be dispensed with.
The second main principle which must be kept in view is that the two States should, on division, have a balanced cadre in each service as far as possible. In order to get this balanced cadre, the division may be made taking the officers and the staff in groups of, say, three to five years, whichever may be convenient.
Cadre Increase
Another principle which should be applied in the same connection is this:
There is likelihood of an increase in the cadre to a certain extent on account of the creation of the new State. Wherever there is such an increase in the cadre, the benefit of that increase should be given to the new State and the residuary State should take its full complement of the staff from the existing personnel. The matter may be briefly illustrated by taking the instance of the Public Service Commission. At present, the strength of the staff of the Public Service Commission is 49 from the Secretary downwards. When the division takes place, the Chairman calculates that the staff required for the Andhra Public Service Commission would be 22 while the staff required for the Public Service Commission of the residuary State would be 33, the total being 55, an increase of six over the present total. When the staff is divided, the residuary state should take its full complement of 33. This will leave only 16 members of the staff for new state and there will be a deficiency of six in the new State.
This deficiency should be left for the new State to fill so that it may have the full benefit of the increase in staff due to the division. Further, it will also have a chance of deciding whether this deficiency should be made up or not. This may give it some scope for economy considering that it might be difficult for it to balance its budget. The principle, therefore, should be that the benefit of the increase in staff due to partition should go to the new State. This will also enable it to correct to a certain extent the proportion of Andhras in its Services immediately. The increase, it may be mentioned, is coming about mainly because of the creation of the new State and this is also a reason, apart from the other reasons, that the benefit should go to the new State.
Selection
Then I come to the question of selection of personnel for the new State and how that should be done. The difficulty, as I pointed out, arises from the fact that there is a deficiency of Andhra personnel in many Departments. The order of allotment should be as follows: