GENEVA: Nearly half of the entire global workforce is in immediate danger of having their livelihoods destroyed by the coronavirus pandemic, the International Labour Organization warned on Wednesday. The ILO said the risk fell on those workers in the informal economy, and three-quarters of them, some 1.6 billion people were at risk in the second quarter of 2020.
The UN agency said an expected further sharp decline in working hours, due to the COVID-19 crisis, meant that these workers were in "immediate danger of having their livelihoods destroyed". In its third report on the coronavirus crisis and the world of work, the ILO warned of the impact on the most vulnerable in the labour market, who are often in the hardest-hit sectors.
The 1.6 billion people stand in line to suffer "massive damage to their ability to earn a living," said ILO director-general Guy Ryder.
The ILO said that the global workforce was 3.3 billion people, of which more than two billion worked in the informal economy -- in jobs characterised by a lack of basic protections, no possibility to work from home and no income replacement during the lockdown.
"Staying home means losing their jobs, and without wages, they cannot eat," the report said. It said that almost 1.6 billion informal economy workers, accounting for 76 percent of informal employment worldwide, were significantly impacted by lockdown measures imposed to combat the spread of the virus, "and/or working in the hardest-hit sectors".
More than 95 percent of them are working in units of fewer than 10 workers. The ILO said the worst-affected sectors would be accommodation and food services, manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, and real estate and business activities. "As the pandemic and the jobs crisis evolve, the need to protect the most vulnerable becomes even more urgent. For millions of workers, no income means no food, no security and no future," said Ryder.
The ILO said that the crisis was causing an unprecedented reduction in economic activity and working time. It estimates that global working hours declined by 4.5 percent in the first quarter of 2020, compared with the last three months of 2019.
Global working hours in the second quarter of 2020 are expected to be 10.5 percent lower than in the last pre-crisis quarter, due to the extension of lockdowns. The ILO said this was the equivalent to 305 million full-time jobs, representing a major deterioration on a previous second-quarter estimate of 195 million.
It said that the Americas (down 12.4 percent), followed by Europe and central Asia (down 11.8 percent each) would be the regions losing the most working hours over the second quarter. "We all have to think of the human suffering, the human need that stands behind that extraordinary figure," said Ryder.
The ILO found the proportion of workers living in countries with recommended or mandatory workplace closures has decreased from 81 to 68 percent over the last two weeks -- mainly driven by the lifting of workplace shutdowns in China.
However, the situation has worsened elsewhere, with workplace closure measures increasing.