NICOSIA: More than four decades of talks for a reunified Cyprus have yet to reach a power-sharing formula for Greek and Turkish Cypriots.
Here are the main issues facing rival Cypriot leaders preparing to resume UN-brokered peace talks in Geneva on Monday, from lost homes to landmines.
Property
During the Turkish invasion, around 200,000 people fled in a population exchange, Greek Cypriots to the south and Turkish Cypriots to the north, abandoning their belongings, homes and land.
In the north, many Greek Cypriot properties are now occupied by Turkish Cypriots, Turkish settlers and even foreigners including Britons after controversial purchases.
In the south, the government has assigned some former Turkish Cypriot homes to Greek Cypriot refugees.
The island's main airport in Larnaca and refugee housing were built on land belonging to Turkish Cypriots.
Greek Cypriots who have lost hope of retrieving their property in the north are increasingly turning to a Turkish commission to compensate them.
But this is discouraged by the Greek Cypriot authorities who view it as rightful owners giving in and selling their property cheap.
Missing persons
In 2006, a bicommunal committee supported by the United Nations started to excavate the remains of people who went missing in Cyprus during 1963-1964 inter-communal violence and the 1974 invasion.
Of the 2,001 persons officially missing, the remains of about half have been found and more than 600 returned to their families.
But hundreds of possible graves remain untouched.
In a breakthrough last year, Ankara agreed to allow access to possible mass graves in military zones in northern Cyprus.
Soldiers and settlers
The Republic of Cyprus estimates that more than 160,000 settlers from Turkey's poorest regions live on the island.
Official Turkish Cypriot figures show that of the 286,000 inhabitants in the north, 118,000 (40 percent) are Turkish expats, including 38,000 (13 percent) granted Turkish Cypriot "nationality".
But Ankara has also deployed about 30,000 Turkish troops on the island, according to Turkish Cypriot authorities.
Even some Turkish Cypriots object to their presence, which is seen as a major obstacle to reunification.
Landmines
The United Nations in 2010 said it had removed landmines in almost all of the island's buffer zone.
But a lack of detailed maps showing the areas where landmines were planted before 1974 has prevented the UN from clearing thousands of landmines in the rest of the island.
In 2015, the Greek Cypriots handed over a map of 28 minefields that UN experts are examining.
Ghost town
In 1974, when Greek Cypriots fled the seaside resort of Varosha, Turkey's army cordoned off its affluent homes and hotels with barbed wire.
The island's Saint-Tropez became a ghost town, its memory haunting around 40,000 former residents.
In retaliation for the Turkish occupation, the Republic of Cyprus pressed for an international embargo on the self-proclaimed Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, recognised only by Ankara.
Direct international trade with northern Cyprus, ships docking in Famagusta port and planes landing at Ercan airport are banned.
Passengers and goods instead have to transit via Turkey, which hampers tourism and economic activity in the north.
Both sides also disagree over the town of Morphou, on the island's northern coast.
Greek Cypriot President Nicos Anastasiades has warned that there can be no deal without a full return of the territory.