India's rapidly growing senior citizen population presents a major challenge and an economic opportunity, with the government working to create a comprehensive ecosystem of healthcare, housing, caregiving and other support services for the elderly.
"Senior citizens today constitute a very large section of our country's population, and the number of senior citizens is increasing very rapidly. At present, their estimated population is around 16-17 crore. Over the next 20-22 years, it is likely to double," said Sudhanshu Pant, secretary in the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.
He said life expectancy had increased significantly and continued to rise every year due to improvements in medical facilities and living standards, making it necessary to meet the diverse needs of the growing elderly population.
"To ensure access to good healthcare, under Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY, free treatment has been provided to all senior citizens aged 70 years and above, with coverage of up to Rs 5 lakh per year," Pant said.
The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is operating around 800 care homes for senior citizens across the country and providing assistance to state governments to run such facilities, he said.
"There is also a proposal under consideration to include provisions for running a day care home in the policy," Pant said.
He said various facilities and schemes for senior citizens were being implemented by different departments of the Centre and states, and the ministry had launched the 'Jeevan' app to make such facilities available at a single location.
"There is also a need for caregivers who can provide services to elderly people, particularly in large cities. For this purpose, the ministry has launched an app called Shatayu dashboard for caregivers, which will enable matching between those who need caregivers and those who provide such services," Pant said.
"Those who require a caregiver can go to the dashboard and find out which caregivers are available in their area and then enter into an arrangement with them," he added.
The demographic challenge is also creating a sizeable economic opportunity. According to the ASLI-JLL report, India's Silver Economy: From Niche to Necessity, the country's senior living market could become a $10.1 billion opportunity by 2030 under a policy-driven scenario, requiring around $7.7 billion in capital investment to meet new supply.
"India's ageing transition is no longer a distant demographic story - it is unfolding before us. With over 166 million Indians aged over 60 today, a number projected to double by 2050, we need to build the ecosystem for ageing now," said Rajagopal G, chairman, Association of Senior Living India (ASLI).
The organised senior living sector had reached 25,050 units of senior homes as of June 2026, but penetration remained at just 1.5%, compared with 6-7% in the US and 14-15% in New Zealand, the report said.
"India's senior living sector stands at a critical juncture, with 166.9 million seniors today growing to 346 million by 2050," said Karan Singh Sodi, senior managing director, JLL.
Sodi said the sector could scale to nearly 74,000 units by 2030, but assisted living remained a major gap, with only around 2,100 beds currently against a projected need of 11,000 by 2030.
"We need to accelerate quality supply while giving much greater attention to assisted care, care financing, workforce development and the continuum of care," Rajagopal said.
(With inputs from PTI)