LONDON: Children who are obese are more likely to suffer from a painful hip disease in their teens or adulthood, a study has found.
Significant hip deformities affect around 1 in 500 children. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) is the most common hip disease in adolescence. The condition almost always requires surgery, can cause significant pain, and often leads to a hip replacement in adolescence or early adulthood.
Children with SCFE experience a decrease in their range of motion, and are often unable to complete hip flexion or fully rotate the hip inward. Unfortunately, many cases of SCFE are misdiagnosed or overlooked, because the first symptom is knee pain, referred from the hip. The knee is often investigated and found to be normal.
Early recognition of SCFE is important as the deformity may worsen if the slip remains untreated.
In an effort to identify children at higher risk of this condition, researchers from the University of Liverpool in the UK examined hospital and community-based records to explore factors associated with SCFE, and explanations for diagnostic delays. All of the records examined were of individuals under 16 -years-of-age with a diagnosis of SCFE and whose electronic medical record was held by one of 650 primary care practices in the UK between 1990 and 2013.
Using the height and weight of children recorded in the notes at some point before the disease was diagnosed the researchers were able to identify that obese children appear at highest risk of this condition. "This is the best evidence available linking this disease to childhood obesity - which makes this condition to be one of the only obesity-related disease that can cause life-long morbidity starting in childhood," said Daniel Perry, orthopaedic surgeon at Alder Hey Children's Hospital in the UK.
"A significant proportion of patients with SCFE are initially misdiagnosed and those presenting with knee pain are particularly at risk," said Perry.
"Ultimately this study helps us to better understand one of the main diseases affecting the hip in childhood. Whilst we confirm a strong association with obesity, we are still unable to say that obesity causes this disease," he said.
The research was published in the journal Archives of Disease in Childhood.