Without movement of the body, without manipulating the breath, there is a way of attaining a one-pointed state of mind that is yoga. That is possible with the practice of the five Yamas.
The Yamas or five controlling principles of Ahimsa (non-injury in thought, word and deed towards other beings and own self), Satya (speaking in tune with the presence of the eternal reality within), Asteya (not stealing—materially or intellectually), Brahmacharya (living a life of sense control) and Aparigraha (not grabbing more than what one needs in this world).
The five great disciplines that one ought to follow to achieve one-pointedness of mind are Shaucha, Santosha, Tapas, Swadhyaya and Ishwara Pranidhana. Shaucha means cleanliness. When there is cleanliness in our surroundings and an order, there is a certain unity of thought. If you enter a room and all the things are in its place, there is only that fragrance that makes you think of divinity and no bad odour to distract the mind, when the clothes and books are neatly arranged, your mind is at peace to do what needs to be done next.
Santosha means contentment—the greatest wealth one can possess. To go chasing behind objects, people and situations without contentment can only leave the mind eternally restless. There will never be a time when we can get all that we want and be happy. The only way to happiness is to be happy right away.
Tapas is austerity. Even if we are not living a life of Spartan frugality, it is important that the body does not become used to all those cushions, beds and soft pillows, air-conditioning, tasty foods to binge on, pleasing sights (constant watching of television and films), favourite smells (cigarettes and the like), attachment to sounds (loud, blaring and clanging music or the sound of gossip) and touch (holding on to gadgets or any other object that we take fancy for). Tapas is to make the body and mind get used to what is good and not what is pleasing to the senses.
Swadhyaya is another discipline of constantly studying one’s own self. While it takes to the study of the Upanishads to understand who I am in reality, my real nature of existence, knowledge and bliss should ever remain a constant point of reference if my mind should be one-pointed. A daily discipline of the process of discovering who I am will quieten the mind too in the process.
The final way to keep the mind in a state of yoga is Ishwara Pranidhana. Ishwara means Master or Lord. There is a factor in this universe that we see around us and also within us that controls everything. It makes the planets go around, the sun rise and set, the moon shine at night, the herbs grow, the oceans stay where they are... When all our actions, words and thoughts are offered to Ishwara, then the mind gets purified.
The ultimate purpose of yoga is to make our personality merge with the whole, rather than asserting its individuality and suffering as a result.
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